Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Pregabalin Powder Video-AAsraw
Makhalidwe Oyambira
Name mankhwala: | Pregabalin ufa |
Nambala ya CAS: | 148553-50-8 |
Makhalidwe a Maselo: | C8H17NO2 |
Kulemera kwa maselo: | 159.23 |
Melt Point: | 194-196 ° C |
mtundu; | ufa wa kristalo woyera kapena wopanda-woyera |
Kusungirako nyengo: | RT |
Kodi pregabalin ufa ndi chiyani?
Pregabalin ufa ndi mankhwala a gulu la gabapentin omwe amagwira ntchito poletsa njira zina za calcium. Pregabalin ufa poyamba anapangidwa kuti azichiza khunyu chifukwa limagwirira ake ndi ofanana ndi gabapentin, amene angalepheretse khunyu mwa modulating voteji amadalira njira kashiamu chapakati mantha dongosolo. M'mayesero azachipatala, komabe, ofufuza adapeza kuti imathandizanso kwambiri pakuwongolera ululu. Pregabalin ufa amachepetsa ululu wa neuropathic, diabetesic peripheral neuropathy, ndi zizindikiro zina mwa kukulitsa GABA milingo m'thupi komanso kupondereza kutulutsidwa kwa ma neurotransmitters osangalatsa. Pregabalin ufa ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza matenda angapo, kuphatikizapo fibromyalgia ndi postherpetic neuralgia. Chotsatira chake, ufa wa pregabalin umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ululu ndipo watulukira ngati mankhwala ofunikira pachipatala cha ululu wa neuropathic.
Kodi pregabalin imagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?
Njira ya Pregabalin ndi yofanana ndi ya gabapentin, ndipo yawonetsa zotsatira za anticonvulsant ndi analgesic m'zitsanzo zambiri za nyama, ngakhale kuti njira yeniyeni yochitirapo kanthu sikudziwika. Pregabalin ndi yofanana ndi GABA ya neurotransmitter, komabe, sichoncho ntchito momwemonso. Mankhwalawa, komabe, amasiyana ndi mankhwala oletsa khunyu. Mkati mwa ndende yogwira mtima, ilibe mphamvu pa GABAA kapena GABAB receptors. Sichimatembenuzidwa kukhala GABA kapena GABA agonist, komanso sichiletsa kutengeka kwa GABA ndi kuwonongeka, komanso sichichita pa njira za sodium kapena calcium, komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsidwa kwa glutamate ndi kutengeka.
Komabe, ufa wa Pregabalin ulibe mgwirizano wa glutamic acid, GABA, kapena ma amino acid ena omwe amagwira ntchito, koma amatha kulowetsa GABA ku calcium ion channel 2 ndi subreceptors ndikuletsa dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha. A subunit 2-protein of voltage-dependent calcium channels omwe amalepheretsa calcium ion influx, kutsitsa kutulutsidwa kwa ma neurotransmitters osangalatsa monga glutamate, norepinephrine, ndi substance P komanso kusonkhezera GABAergic neurotransmission. Kuphatikiza apo, pregabalin imatha kukweza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa GABA m'thupi, ndikuwonjezera mlingo wa pregabalin kumatha kukulitsa ntchito ya glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Mbiri Yogwiritsa Ntchito Pregabalin Powder
M'zaka za m'ma 1950, asayansi adapeza njira ina yolepheretsa neurotransmitter yotchedwa gamma-aminobutyric acid, kapena GABA mwachidule. GABA ndi neurotransmitter yomwe imagwira ntchito pa GABA receptors m'thupi la munthu. Anthu amaganiza kuti kutsika kwa GABA kungayambitse khunyu komanso kuti GABA ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi ululu chifukwa cholepheretsa. Kupezeka kwa GABA komanso kumveka bwino kwa njira yake yopangira mankhwala kunapangitsa kuti pakhale mankhwala oletsa khunyu, omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi pregabalin.
Pregabalin ufa ndi a mankhwala ochiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga a peripheral neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia, fibromyalgia, ndi ululu wa ubongo kuchokera kuvulala kwa msana kwa akuluakulu, pakati pa ena. Chiyambireni kupezeka kwa pregabalin, chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwake zakhala zikuchitika mosalekeza.
√ Mu Ogasiti 2003, Pfizer adalemba koyamba fomu yolembetsa ku United States.
√ Mu Disembala 2004, a US FDA pregabalin yovomerezeka ya matenda ashuga peripheral neuralgia ndi postherpetic neuralgia.
√ Mu June 2005, pregabalin idavomerezedwa ngati chothandizira mankhwala pamankhwala kukomoka pang'ono.
√ Mu June 2007, pregabalin idavomerezedwa ndi US FDA ngati yoyamba mankhwala kuchiza matenda a fibromyalgia.
√ Mu June 2012, a FDA inavomereza pregabalin monga mankhwala oyamba kuchiza neuralgia chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa msana.
√ Mu Marichi 2019, pregabalin idagwiritsidwa ntchito mwalamulo kuchiza fibromyalgia ku China.
Pakadali pano, pregabalin yavomerezedwa kuti ichiritse ululu wa neuropathic m'maiko opitilira 40, kuphatikiza Europe, Canada, ndi Mexico.
Ngakhale ufa wa pregabalin umapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunika kusamala poganizira kugula pregabalin ndikungogula kuchokera kuzinthu zodziwika bwino. Ambiri opanga pregabalin ndi ogulitsa amati amapereka pregabalin yapamwamba kwambiri, koma si ufa wonse wa pregabalin womwe ndi wowona. Kugula mankhwala kuchokera kwa omwe sanatsimikizidwe kapena m'misika yapaintaneti kungakhale kowopsa ndipo kungayambitse kulandira zinthu zachinyengo kapena zotsika mtengo.
Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Pregabalin Powder
Pregabalin ufa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amapereka zabwino zambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zina mwazofala zomwe zingapindule pogwiritsa ntchito AASraw pregabalin ufa monga matenda a shuga peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, khunyu pang'ono, fibromyalgia, ululu wa neuropathic, ndi matenda osokonezeka maganizo.
· Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN)
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) ndi chotsatira chofala cha matenda amtundu woyamba komanso amtundu wa 1, zomwe zimakhudza pafupifupi 2-30% ya odwala matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro za mitsempha imeneyi m'manja ndi mapazi ndi ululu, kufooka, ndi kutaya kumverera. Pregabalin ufa ndiye mankhwala oyamba a DPN, opereka mpumulo waukulu komanso kuthana ndi zovuta zina monga nkhawa ndi kusowa tulo. Kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika, komabe, kuti mumvetsetse zotsatira za chithandizo cha pregabalin pa nkhawa ndi vuto la kugona, komanso pezani anthu omwe angapindule nawo kwambiri kuchokera ku mankhwalawa.
· Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN)
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) ndi matenda opweteka kwambiri omwe amatha kuchitika pambuyo pa mliri wa herpes zoster ndipo amafala kwambiri akamakalamba. PHN ikhoza kukhala yovuta kuchiza ndipo nthawi zambiri imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala angapo kuti muchepetse ululu. Pregabalin ufa ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe amavomerezedwa ku PHN. Deta imawonetsa mphamvu zochepetsera ululu komanso kusokonezeka kwa kugona komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha PHN mwa odwala omwe akhudzidwa. Ngakhale kuti sipanakhalepo kufananitsa kwachindunji, pregabalin ikuwoneka ngati yofanana ndi gabapentin ndi mankhwala ena oyambirira ochizira PHN.
· Khunyu Wapang'ono
Pregabalin ufa wapatsidwa chilolezo ndikugulitsidwa ngati antiepileptic mankhwala kuti ntchito ngati adjunctive mankhwala khunyu pang'ono. Imagwira pamayendedwe a presynaptic calcium, modulating neurotransmitter kumasulidwa mu CNS. Mayesero atatu apakati osasinthika, akhungu awiri, oyendetsedwa ndi placebo omwe amalembetsa odwala omwe ali ndi khunyu yapang'onopang'ono awonetsa mphamvu ya antiepileptic ya pregabalin motsutsana ndi placebo monga chithandizo chothandizira, ndi 31-41% ya odwala omwe akuwonetsa kuchepa kwa 50% pafupipafupi.
· Fibromyalgia
Pregabalin ufa akuyembekezeka kuchepetsa ululu wa fibromyalgia mwa kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa nociception kudzera mu calcium channel blockage ndi neurotransmitter kumasulidwa mu njira yowawa yokwera. Pregabalin yawonetsedwanso kuti imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa glutamate ndi glutamine mu posterior insula ya odwala fibromyalgia, kusokoneza kugwirizana kwake kogwira ntchito ku network mode default.
Maphunziro a Occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) pa odwala a fibromyalgia amawonetsa kusasinthika kosinthika kowawa. Pregabalin yasonyezedwa kuti ili ndi zotsatira zotsika zozungulira zowawa mu makoswe ovulala ndi mitsempha; motero, zotsatira zapakati za pregabalin zitha kuthandiza kuti zitheke pochiza fibromyalgia.
· Zowawa za Neuropathic
Pregabalin ufa ndi wotsutsana ndi njira ya Ca2 + ya voltage-gated yomwe imamangiriza ku subunit ya alpha-2-delta kuti apange zotsatira za analgesic. Imachiritsa bwino zizindikiro za mitundu yambiri ya ululu wa neuropathic ndipo yasintha kukhala mankhwala ochizira oyamba omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso chothandiza. Zatsimikiziridwa mu kafukufuku wamakono mu zinyama zambiri za ululu wa neuropathic kuti zikhale zothandiza pochiza zizindikiro monga allodynia ndi hyperalgesia.
· Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pregabalin imagwira bwino ntchito pochiza matenda ovutika maganizo (GAD). Pakuwunika koopsa, mayesero asanu ndi awiri mwa asanu ndi atatu mwa asanu ndi atatu mwa asanu ndi atatu omwe amayendetsedwa mwachisawawa komanso olamulidwa adawonetsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores ndi pregabalin powder doses kuyambira 150 mpaka 600 mg. Mu kafukufuku wina wokhudzana ndi odwala a GAD omwe adalandira chithandizo cha pregabalin ufa kwa masabata a 12-24, zochitika za zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi kuyambiranso nkhawa pambuyo posiya zinali zochepa. Pregabalin ufa ungakhalenso wogwira mtima njira yothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi GAD omwe sanayankhe bwino pamankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa.
Chenjezo: Chifukwa mphamvu yeniyeni ya pregabalin imagwirizana ndi khalidwe la mankhwala, ndikofunikira kugula ufa wapamwamba kwambiri wa pregabalin. Pregabalin yaiwisi ya ufa wogulitsa AASraw amapanga ndi kupereka pregabalin ufa waiwisi wokhala ndi miyezo yokhwima yopangira. Ngati mukufuna, AASraw's pregabalin ufa ndi chisankho chabwino.
Kodi Zotsatira Zotani Zogwiritsa Ntchito Pregabalin Powder?
Mbali zotsatira za pregabalin ufa amafanana ndi mankhwala ena odetsa nkhaŵa a m’katikati mwa minyewa. Zotsatira zoyipa zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pregabalin ndi monga:
· Zodziwika kwambiri (> 10%):
chizungulire
Chisokonezo
· Wamba (1-10%):
kusawona
diplopia
Euphoria
chisokonezo
Kuwonjezeka kwa chilakolako ndi kulemera kotsatira
· Zachilendo (0.1–1%):
Hypoglycemia
Rash
Mitsempha ya minofu
Myalgia
Arthralgia
Supombocytopenia
Impso miyala
Chenjezo: Ngati zotsatira zoyipazi musachepetse kapena kutha pang'onopang'ono, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Kupatula apo, chonde onetsetsani kuti mugula zinthu zoyenerera kuti muchepetse zotsatira zoyipazi.
Mlingo ndi Kuwongolera kwa Pregabalin Powder for Reference
Nayi tchati cha zomwe akulimbikitsidwa mlingo wa pregabalin ufa kwa matenda osiyanasiyana:
Mkhalidwe Wachipatala | Mlingo ndi Utsogoleri |
Diabetesic peripheral neuropathy | Kuyambira: 50 mg, katatu pa tsiku
Kuchuluka: 100 mg, 3 nthawi/tsiku |
Postherpetic neuralgia | Kuyambira: 75-150mg, 2 mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku
Kutalika: 200mg, 3 nthawi / tsiku; 300mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku |
Khunyu pang'ono | Mlingo woyambira: 50mg, 3 nthawi / tsiku; 75mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku
Mlingo wambiri: 600mg / tsiku |
Fibromyalgia | Mlingo woyambira: 75 mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku
Mlingo wambiri: 450mg / tsiku |
Kupweteka kwa mtima | Mlingo woyambira: 75 mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku
Mlingo wambiri: 300 mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku |
Generalized nkhawa matenda | Mlingo woyambira: 75 mg, 2 nthawi / tsiku
Mlingo wambiri: 300mg / tsiku |
Chenjerani: Ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti mlingo uwu ndi malangizo anthawi zonse ndipo ukhoza kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe munthu amakhalira, monga msinkhu, kulemera kwake, ndi mbiri yachipatala. Kuonjezera apo, mlingo ungafunike kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi kutengera momwe munthuyo angayankhire mankhwala ndi zotsatira zina zomwe angakhale nazo. Ndikofunika kukaonana ndi wothandizira zaumoyo kuti mudziwe mlingo woyenera wa matenda alionse.
Kodi mungagule kuti Pregabalin Powder?
Pregabalin imapezeka pa intaneti komanso pa intaneti, koma muyenera kusankha omwe akukusamalirani mosamala kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukupeza ufa wa pregabalin. Posankha wogulitsa pregabalin ufa, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti wogulitsa ndi wodalirika komanso wodalirika. Yang'anani ogulitsa omwe ali ndi mbiri yopereka zabwino kwambiri mankhwala ndi utumiki wodalirika kasitomala. Kuphatikiza apo, mungafune kuganizira zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa madongosolo ocheperako, nthawi yobweretsera, ndi njira zolipira. Pomaliza, ndi lingaliro labwino kuwerenga ndemanga ndikupempha malingaliro kuchokera kwa makasitomala ena kuti mudziwe mbiri ya ogulitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa kukhutitsidwa kwamakasitomala. Poganizira izi, mukhoza kusankha pregabalin ufa wopereka ufa womwe umakwaniritsa zosowa zanu ndikupereka mankhwala ndi mautumiki apamwamba.
AASraw ndi mmodzi mwa opanga odziwika bwino komanso ogulitsa ufa wa pregabalin, womwe umadzipereka kuti upereke ufa wapamwamba kwambiri, woyera wa pregabalin kwa makasitomala padziko lonse lapansi. Kupatula apo, AASraw ili ndi gulu la akatswiri odziwa zambiri kuti atsimikizire kuti zogulitsa zathu zonse zimakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri komanso yoyera. Komanso, AASraw imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba ndi zida kupanga pregabalin ufa umene uli wopanda zonyansa ndi zoipitsidwa. Potsirizira pake, AASraw ili ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera khalidwe labwino kuti iwonetsetse kuti gulu lililonse la pregabalin ufa umayesedwa bwino kwa chiyero ndi potency.
Raw Pregabalin Powder Testing Report- HNMR
Kodi HNMR ndi chiyani ndipo mawonekedwe a HNMR amakuuzani chiyani? H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (INMR) spectroscopy ndi njira yowunikira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira khalidwe ndi kufufuza kuti mudziwe zomwe zili ndi kuyera kwa chitsanzo komanso momwe maselo ake amapangidwira. Mwachitsanzo, NMR imatha kusanthula mochulukira zosakaniza zomwe zili ndi mankhwala odziwika. Pazinthu zosadziwika, NMR ingathe (mwina kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufananiza ndi malaibulale owoneka bwino kapena kutengera kapangidwe kake mwachindunji. Kapangidwe koyambira kadziwika, NMR itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa momwe ma molekyulu amathandizira komanso kuphunzira zakuthupi pamlingo wa mamolekyulu. monga kusinthana kwa conformational, kusintha kwa gawo, kusungunuka, ndi kufalikira.
Pregabalin Powder (148553-50-8) -COA
Pregabalin Powder (148553-50-8) -COA
Kodi mungagule bwanji pregabalin ufa kuchokera ku AASraw?
❶ Kuti mutitumizireni kudzera pa imelo yathu yofunsira, kapena kusiya nambala yanu ya WhatsApp, woimira kasitomala athu (CSR) adzakulumikizani pakatha maola 12.
❷Kutipatsirani kuchuluka komwe mwafunsidwa ndi adilesi yanu.
❸CSR yathu idzakupatseni quotation, nthawi yolipira, nambala yotsatirira, njira zobweretsera, ndi tsiku loti mudzafike (ETA).
❹Malipiro atha ndipo katundu adzatumizidwa mkati mwa maola 12.
❺Katundu wolandilidwa ndi kupereka ndemanga.
Wolemba nkhaniyi:
Dr. Monique Hong adamaliza maphunziro awo ku UK Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine
Scientific Journal paper Wolemba:
1. Alexandra M. Stein
Dipatimenti ya Orthopediki, Hôpital Cochin Paris, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
2. Tomoya Akashi
Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
3. HR Martinez
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina ndi Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey NL, Mexico
4. Markus Dold
4.Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Dokotala/wasayansiyu savomereza kapena kulimbikitsa kugula, kugulitsa, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pazifukwa zilizonse. Aasraw alibe chiyanjano kapena ubale, wonenedwa kapena ayi, ndi dokotala uyu. Cholinga chotchula dokotalayu ndikuvomereza ndikuyamikira ntchito yofufuza ndi chitukuko yomwe asayansi akugwira ntchitoyi.
Reference
[1] MC Walker, JW Sander. Zovuta pakuwonjezera kuchokera ku data yoyeserera kupita kuchipatala: nkhani ya mankhwala oletsa khunyu. Neurology, 49 (1997), tsamba 333-337
[2] MJ Field, RJ Oles, L. Singh. Pregabalin ikhoza kuyimira gulu lakale la othandizira anxiolytic okhala ndi zochitika zambiri. Br J Pharmacol, 132 (2001), tsamba 1-4
[3] Hong JS, Atkinson LZ, Al-Juffali N, Awad A, Geddes JR, Tunbridge EM, et al. (Marichi 2022). "Gabapentin ndi pregabalin mu matenda a bipolar, nkhawa, ndi kusowa tulo: kuwunika mwadongosolo, kusanthula meta, ndi zomveka". Molecular Psychiatry. 27 (3): 1339–1349.
[4] Freynhagen R, Baron R, Kawaguchi Y, Malik RA, Martire DL, Parsons B, et al. (Januware 2021). "Pregabalin ya ululu wa neuropathic m'malo osamalira odwala kwambiri: malingaliro a dosing ndi titration". Mankhwala Omaliza Maphunziro. Malingaliro a kampani Informa UK Limited 133 (1): 1–9.
[5] Slee A, Nazareth I, Bondaronek P, Liu Y, Cheng Z, Freemantle N (February 2019). "Machiritso a Pharmacological for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Kuwunika Mwadongosolo ndi Kuwunika kwa Meta" (PDF). Lancet. 393 (10173): 768-777.